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Polysaccharide degradation systems of the saprophytic bacterium Cellvibrio japonicus
Ist Teil von
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016-07, Vol.32 (7), p.121-12, Article 121
Ort / Verlag
Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands
Erscheinungsjahr
2016
Quelle
SpringerLink (Online service)
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Study of recalcitrant polysaccharide degradation by bacterial systems is critical for understanding biological processes such as global carbon cycling, nutritional contributions of the human gut microbiome, and the production of renewable fuels and chemicals. One bacterium that has a robust ability to degrade polysaccharides is the Gram-negative saprophyte
Cellvibrio japonicus
. A bacterium with a circuitous history,
C. japonicus
underwent several taxonomy changes from an initially described
Pseudomonas
sp. Most of the enzymes described in the pre-genomics era have also been renamed. This review aims to consolidate the biochemical, structural, and genetic data published on
C. japonicus
and its remarkable ability to degrade cellulose, xylan, and pectin substrates. Initially,
C. japonicus
carbohydrate-active enzymes were studied biochemically and structurally for their novel polysaccharide binding and degradation characteristics, while more recent systems biology approaches have begun to unravel the complex regulation required for lignocellulose degradation in an environmental context. Also included is a discussion for the future of
C. japonicus
as a model system, with emphasis on current areas unexplored in terms of polysaccharide degradation and emerging directions for
C. japonicus
in both environmental and biotechnological applications.