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Effects of protein, essential amino acids, B-Hydroxy B-Methylbutyrate, creatine, Dehydroepiandrosterone and fatty acid supplementation on muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance in older people aged 60 years and over. A systematic review of the litterature
Ort / Verlag
Serdi Edition
Erscheinungsjahr
2018
Quelle
SpringerNature Journals
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Objectives: The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review to investigate the effects
protein, essential amino acids (EAA), β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB), creatine, dehydroepiandrosterone
(DHEA) and fatty acid supplementation on muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance of elderly
subjects. Methods: Using the electronic databases MEDLINE and EMBASE we identified RCTs published until
February 2016 which assessed the effects of these nutrient supplementation on muscle strength, muscle mass
or physical performance. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers.
Results: Search strategy allowed us to identify 23 RCTs. Among them, four used proteins as nutritional
supplement, seven EAAs, six creatine, four DHEA and finally, two HMB. From our systematic review, it seems
that the effects of these supplementations on muscle health are rather limited. Only consistent effects of EAA
supplementation on physical performance (3 out of the 4 RCTs using EAA supplementation found significant
effect of this supplementation on physical performance) and HMB supplementation on muscle mass (all the 2
identified RCTs using HMB supplementation found significant effect of this supplementation on muscle mass)
have been found across studies. No consistent effects were found for the other types of dietary supplementation.
Because of the important limitations in study design, inconsistency and lack of directness, the overall quality of
the evidence was judged to be low or very low using the GRADE system. Conclusion: This systematic review
showed a limited effect of nutritional supplementation on muscle mass, muscle power and physical function.
Inconsistent positive effects were observed for some specific supplementations but the results only concerned
one aspect of the muscle. Well designed and appropriately powered RCTs are needed to provide evidence for
appropriate clinical recommendations.