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Jonathan Edwards was strongly influenced by continental rationalists such as Malebranche, by some of the Cambridge Platonists (Henry More, for example), and by the empiricists (especially Locke). He was also excited by Newton and the new science. Although these traditions were diverse, they had an important feature in common—an almost uncritical confidence in reason’s power and scope. Edwards’s practice reflects this confidence. Philosophical arguments are deployed to demolish critics, justify the principal Christian doctrines, and erect a speculative metaphysics (a subjective idealism like Berkeley’s). But Edwards was also a Calvinist who shared the Reformed tradition’s distrust of humanity’s natural