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Galilean relativity for Brownian dynamics and energetics
Ist Teil von
New journal of physics, 2021-08, Vol.23 (8), p.83012
Ort / Verlag
Bristol: IOP Publishing
Erscheinungsjahr
2021
Quelle
EZB Electronic Journals Library
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Abstract
We study experimentally the impact of inertial reference frame changes on overdamped Brownian motion. The reference frame changes are implemented by inducing, with a laser, laminar convection flows in a column of fluid where Brownian microspheres are dispersed. The convection flow plays the role of the relative velocity between the laboratory and the fluid comoving frames, and enables us to analyse the consequences of Galilean transformations on Brownian diffusion. We verify in particular how the Brownian dynamics remains ‘weakly’ Galilean invariant, in agreement with recent discussions Cairoli
et
al
(2018
Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA
115
5714). We also carefully look at the consequences of Galilean relativity on the Brownian energetics. This leads us to derive a Galilean invariant expression of the stochastic thermodynamic first law, consistent with existing theoretical results Speck
et
al
(2008
Phys. Rev. Lett.
100
178302). We finally discuss a potential ambiguity of the Galilean relativistic features of diffusive systems that has obvious practical implications in the context of force measurements in external flows.