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In Sickness and Health: Effects of Gut Microbial Metabolites on Human Physiology
Ist Teil von
Advances in Medical Biochemistry, Genomics, Physiology, and Pathology, 2022, p.617-628
Auflage
1
Ort / Verlag
Jenny Stanford Publishing
Erscheinungsjahr
2022
Quelle
Alma/SFX Local Collection
Beschreibungen/Notizen
The connection between intestinal microbes and human health has been appreciated since the 1880s with Theodor Escherich's investigation of Escherichia coli and other fecal bacteria. Escherich hypothesized that indigenous micoorganisms play roles in both digestion and intestinal diseases. This chapter highlights provide details that underscore the importance of gut microbes in human health, which Escherich postulated long ago. The collective diversity of microbial species that compose the gut microbiome harbor approximately 10 million unique, annotated genes-probably many more -that are not present in the human genome. A recent example highlights how the common gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and related Bacteroidetes metabolize a range of xenobiotics using previously undescribed mechanisms. Some of the findings described can be leveraged to design tools to guide drug selection and therapeutic interventions. Leveraging the results of functional studies that link the microbiome to these diseases will illuminate new paths to manipulate the potential deleterious effects of the gut microbiome on health.