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Fruit morphology and histology of Zostera asiatica Miki and Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino (Zosteraceae) in connection with сomparative carpologу of higher Alismatales
Ist Teil von
Botany letters, 2021-10, Vol.168 (4), p.570-576
Ort / Verlag
Taylor & Francis
Erscheinungsjahr
2021
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Taylor & Francis Online
Beschreibungen/Notizen
The investigation of fruit morphology and pericarp anatomy of the genera Phyllospadix and Zostera from the Zosteraceae family enabled us to identify their fruit types based on fruit wall anatomical structure. Drupes of the Prunus type with lignified inner zone of the mesocarp and the endocarp are specific for Phyllospadix iwatensis, whereas in Zostera asiatica dorsally dehiscent follicles of the Myristica type lacking sclerenchyma in the pericarp are found. In addition, Zosteraceae pericarp structure was analyzed and compared with four other families of higher Alismatales: Potamogetonaceae s.l., Posidoniaceae, Ruppiaceae, and Cymodoceaceae. Their exocarp and mesocarp consisted of thin-walled cells and the endocarp comprised a single layer of sclerenchymatous cells. This type of pericarp differentiation is supposed to be the sуnapomorphy of terminal families of Alismatales. The fruits of Zostera and Phyllospadix have a more complex pericarp structure in comparison to the synapomorphic type of pericarp differentiation of higher Alismatales - in Phyllospadix iwatensis both the mesocarp and the endocarp are lignified, whereas in Zostera asiatica the sclerenchyma is lacking. The fruits of Zostera and Phyllospadix are treated as specialised types, and recognised as autapomorphic characters of Zosteraceae among higher Alismatales.