Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Schmid, O.
• Möller, W.
• Semmler-Behnke, M.
• A. Ferron, G.
• Karg, E.
• Lipka, J.
• Schulz, H.
• Kreyling, W.G.
• Stoeger, T.

Titel

Dosimetry and toxicology of inhaled ultrafine particles

Ist Teil von

• Biomarkers, 2009-07, Vol.14 (S1), p.67-73

Ort / Verlag

England: Informa UK Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2009

Quelle

Taylor & Francis

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Both epidemiological and toxicological studies indicate that inhalation and subsequent deposition of airborne particles into the lungs have adverse health effects. Recently, the ultrafine particle (UfP) fraction (diameter < 100 nm) has received particular attention, as their small size may lead to more toxic properties. In this study we summarize the current knowledge on the dosimetry of inhaled particles (including UfPs) with a focus on recent data on translocation of UfPs into secondary target organs (such as brain and heart) suggesting that the lifetime dose of ambient UfPs in secondary target organs is about 1011 particles. Furthermore, we highlight the main pathways of particle induced toxicity and the reasons for the potentially higher toxicity of UfPs. Finally, we discuss recent evidence indicating that (BET) surface area is the single most relevant dose metric for the toxicity of UfPs, which has important implications for regulatory measures on the toxicity of ambient and engineered particles.