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Terahertz CMOS Frequency Generator Using Linear Superposition Technique
Ist Teil von
IEEE journal of solid-state circuits, 2008-12, Vol.43 (12), p.2730-2738
Ort / Verlag
New York, NY: IEEE
Erscheinungsjahr
2008
Quelle
IEEE/IET Electronic Library (IEL)
Beschreibungen/Notizen
A low Terahertz (324 GHz) frequency generator is realized in 90 nm CMOS by linearly superimposing quadruple (N=4) phase shifted fundamental signals at one fourth of the output frequency (81 GHz). The developed technique minimizes the fundamental, second and third order harmonics without extra filtering and results in a high fundamental-to-4 th harmonic signal conversion ratio of 0.17 or -15.4 dB. The demonstrated prototype produces a calibrated -46 dBm output power when biased at 1 V and 12 mA with 4 GHz tuning range and extrapolated phase noise of -91 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz frequency offset. The linear superposition (LS) technique can be generalized for all even number cases (N=2k, where k=1,2,3,4,...,n) with different tradeoffs in output power and frequency. As CMOS continues to scale, we anticipate the LS N=4 VCO to generate signals beyond 2 Terahertz by using 22 nm CMOS and produce output power up to -1.5 dBm with 1.7% power added efficiency with an LS VCO + Class-B Power Amplifier cascaded circuit architecture.