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A Sialidase Mutant Displaying trans-Sialidase Activity
Ist Teil von
Journal of molecular biology, 2005-01, Vol.345 (4), p.923-934
Ort / Verlag
England: Elsevier Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
2005
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, expresses a modified sialidase, the
trans-sialidase, which transfers sialic acid from host glycoconjugates to β-galactose present in parasite mucins. Another American trypanosome,
Trypanosoma
rangeli
, expresses a homologous protein that has sialidase activity but is devoid of transglycosidase activity. Based on the recently determined structures of
T.
rangeli
sialidase (TrSA) and
T.
cruzi trans
-sialidase (TcTS), we have now constructed mutants of TrSA with the aim of studing the relevant residues in transfer activity. Five mutations, Met96-Val, Ala98-Pro, Ser120-Tyr, Gly249-Tyr and Gln284-Pro, were enough to obtain a sialidase mutant (TrSA
5mut) with
trans-sialidase activity; and a sixth mutation increased the activity to about 10% that of wild-type TcTS. The crystal structure of TrSA
5mut revealed the formation of a
trans-sialidase-like binding site for the acceptor galactose, primarily defined by the phenol group of Tyr120 and the indole ring of Trp313, which adopts a new conformation, similar to that in TcTS, induced by the Gln284-Pro mutation. The transition state analogue 2,3-didehydro-2-deoxy-
N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA), which inhibits sialidases but is a poor inhibitor of
trans-sialidase, was used to probe the active site conformation of mutant enzymes. The results show that the presence of a sugar acceptor binding-site, the fine-tuning of protein–substrate interactions and the flexibility of crucial active site residues are all important to achieve transglycosidase activity from the TrSA sialidase scaffold.