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Smoking exposure and allergic sensitization in children according to maternal allergies
Ist Teil von
Annals of allergy, asthma, & immunology, 2008-04, Vol.100 (4), p.351-357
Ort / Verlag
McLean, VA: Elsevier Inc
Erscheinungsjahr
2008
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Background Although the negative impact of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on airway diseases in children is well known, the effect of ETS on allergic sensitization is still debated. Objective To evaluate how maternal allergies modulate the effect of tobacco exposure on allergic sensitization in childhood. Methods Of 9,000 children in grades 4 and 5 selected in 6 cities in France, 7,798 participated in a survey that consisted of an epidemiologic questionnaire, skin prick testing to common allergens, and skin examination for eczema. Tobacco exposure was obtained from parent questionnaires. Results Twenty-five percent of the children had allergic sensitization, 25.2% had eczema, 11.6% had allergic rhinitis, 9.9% had asthma, and 8.3% had exercise-induced asthma. Twenty percent of the children were exposed to tobacco in utero. Maternal exposure had a greater impact than paternal exposure on children’s allergic sensitization. Prenatal exposure was more associated with sensitization than postnatal exposure. Children with maternal allergies and exposure to maternal ETS during pregnancy were at higher risk for sensitization to house dust mite (25.7% vs 14.0%; odds ratio, 1.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-3.18; P = .006). In contrast, sensitization to food allergens was not associated with tobacco exposure. Conclusions Children exposed to maternal smoking had a higher risk of sensitization to house dust mite, especially when the mothers were allergic.