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Lacking of microscopic insight into quantitative nucleation and growth kinetics analysis, the effect of temperature on particle size in wet chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles is still not fully understood. Firstly, we investigated the influence of temperature on the nucleation kinetics constant k1 and growth kinetics constant k2. Based on the microscopic quantitative kinetics analysis, the influence of temperature on size of nanoparticles was discussed and concluded in detail. In order to test and verify the conclusions, synthesis of AgNPs under sufficient and insufficient Ag+ precursors respectively was carried out. Temperature exhibits different effect on the size of nanoparticles under sufficient and insufficient Ag+ precursors due to its impressively different influence on the nucleation kinetics constant k1 and growth kinetics constant k2. It is the first time to discuss the effect of temperature on size of nanoparticles in detail based on the microscopic quantitative kinetics analysis. Our work provides useful deep insight into microscopic kinetics analysis of the effect of temperature on size distribution of AgNPs.