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Obstructive sleep apnoea-related respiratory events and desaturation severity are associated with the cardiac response
Ist Teil von
ERJ open research, 2022-10, Vol.8 (4), p.121
Ort / Verlag
European Respiratory Society
Erscheinungsjahr
2022
Quelle
EZB Electronic Journals Library
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Background
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) causes, among other things, intermittent blood oxygen desaturations, increasing the sympathetic tone. Yet the effect of desaturations on heart rate variability (HRV), a simple and noninvasive method for assessing sympathovagal balance, has not been comprehensively studied. We aimed to study whether desaturation severity affects the immediate HRV.
Methods
We retrospectively analysed the electrocardiography signals in 5-min segments (n=39 132) recorded during clinical polysomnographies of 642 patients with suspected OSA. HRV parameters were calculated for each segment. The segments were pooled into severity groups based on the desaturation severity (
i.e.
the integrated area under the blood oxygen saturation curve) and the respiratory event rate within the segment. Covariate-adjusted regression analyses were performed to investigate possible confounding effects.
Results
With increasing respiratory event rate, the normalised high-frequency band power (HF
NU
) decreased from 0.517 to 0.364 (p<0.01), the normalised low-frequency band power (LF
NU
) increased from 0.483 to 0.636 (p<0.01) and the mean RR interval decreased from 915 to 869 ms (p<0.01). Similarly, with increasing desaturation severity, the HF
NU
decreased from 0.499 to 0.364 (p<0.01), the LF
NU
increased from 0.501 to 0.636 (p<0.01) and the mean RR interval decreased from 952 to 854 ms (p<0.01). Desaturation severity-related findings were confirmed by considering the confounding factors in the regression analyses.
Conclusion
The short-term HRV response differs based on the desaturation severity and the respiratory event rate in patients with suspected OSA. Therefore, a more detailed analysis of HRV and desaturation characteristics could enhance OSA severity estimation.