Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Elsesy, Mohamed E.
• Oh‐Hohenhorst, Su Jung
• Oing, Christoph
• Eckhardt, Alicia
• Burdak‐Rothkamm, Susanne
• Alawi, Malik
• Müller, Christian
• Schüller, Ulrich
• Maurer, Tobias
• Amsberg, Gunhild
• Petersen, Cordula
• Rothkamm, Kai
• Mansour, Wael Y.

Titel

Preclinical patient‐derived modeling of castration‐resistant prostate cancer facilitates individualized assessment of homologous recombination repair deficient disease

Ist Teil von

• Molecular oncology, 2023-06, Vol.17 (6), p.1129-1147

Ort / Verlag

United States: John Wiley & Sons, Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2023

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Wiley Online Library

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• The use of mutation analysis of homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes to estimate PARP‐inhibition response may miss a larger proportion of responding patients. Here, we provide preclinical models for castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) that can be used to functionally predict HRR defects. In vitro, CRPC LNCaP sublines revealed an HRR defect and enhanced sensitivity to olaparib and cisplatin due to impaired RAD51 expression and recruitment. Ex vivo‐induced castration‐resistant tumor slice cultures or tumor slice cultures derived directly from CRPC patients showed increased olaparib‐ or cisplatin‐associated enhancement of residual radiation‐induced γH2AX/53BP1 foci. We established patient‐derived tumor organoids (PDOs) from CRPC patients. These PDOs are morphologically similar to their primary tumors and genetically clustered with prostate cancer but not with normal prostate or other tumor entities. Using these PDOs, we functionally confirmed the enhanced sensitivity of CRPC patients to olaparib and cisplatin. Moreover, olaparib but not cisplatin significantly decreased the migration rate in CRPC cells. Collectively, we present robust patient‐derived preclinical models for CRPC that recapitulate the features of their primary tumors and enable individualized drug screening, allowing translation of treatment sensitivities into tailored clinical therapy recommendations. Here, we demonstrated an enhanced sensitivity of acquired CRPC LNCaP sublines to olaparib or cisplatin due to lower RAD51 expression/loading. Olaparib or cisplatin increased the number of residual yH2AX/53BP1 foci in irradiated ex vivo slice cultures from CRPC patients. We further confirmed the HRR‐defect and enhanced olaparib or cisplatin sensitivity in CRPC patient‐derived tumor organoids (PDOs).