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In this study, the double hydrothermal method is proposed as a facile approach to the synthesis of ZnTe/ZnO core–shell nanorods. The coating thickness of the p-type ZnTe is varied to adjust the junction depth in the n-type ZnO nanorods, and the conductance measurements reveal the change in the conduction path in the heterojunction structures. Structural and chemical investigations conducted using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm the hetero-nanostructure formation of ZnTe/ZnO. The role of ZnTe in H2S-gas sensing by the ZnO nanorods is discussed. The enhanced sensing performance observed with a thin ZnTe coating confirms the importance of the base resistance of the nano-transducer in achieving high response characteristics. The composite structure also demonstrates a superior sensing performance of good repeatability, stability, linearity, and gas selectivity at temperatures greater than 200 °C.
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•Hydrothermal processing for ZnTe coated ZnO-nanorod structures synthesis.•A nano-composite gas sensor whose response is purely controlled by pn junction.•Nano-sensor principle showing the maximum response at the depletion depth scale.•Supporting the depletion model for the conduction type gas sensor device.