Details
- Autor(en) / Beteiligte
- Titel
- Breaking the Invisible Barriers: Unleashing the Full Potential of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Oncogene-Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma
- Ist Teil von
- Cancers, 2023-05, Vol.15 (10), p.2749
- Ort / Verlag
- Switzerland: MDPI AG
- Erscheinungsjahr
- 2023
- Link zum Volltext
- Quelle
- Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek (Open access)
- Beschreibungen/Notizen
- The rapid development of targeted therapy paved the way toward personalized medicine for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) harboring actionable genetic alternations including epidermal growth factor receptor ( ), anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ), Kirsten rat sarcoma virus ( ) and c-ros oncogene 1 ( ) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) incurred lesser treatment toxicity but better therapeutic responses compared with systemic chemotherapy. Angiogenesis inhibitors targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have also shown an increase in overall survival (OS) for NSCLC patients. However, acquired resistance to these targeted therapies remains a major obstacle to long-term maintenance treatment for lung ADC patients. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has changed the treatment paradigm for NSCLC tumors without actionable genetic alternations. Clinical studies have suggested, however, that there are no survival benefits with the combination of targeted therapy and ICIs. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the tumor immune microenvironment and the dynamics of immune phenotypes, which could be crucial in extending the applicability of ICIs for this subpopulation of lung ADC patients.
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Identifikatoren
- ISSN: 2072-6694eISSN: 2072-6694DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102749Titel-ID: cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_af3328b2171d4a2aa3c5f44ac76eaaf9
- Format
- –
- Schlagworte
- Adenocarcinoma, Angiogenesis, Angiogenesis inhibitors, Antibodies, Antigens, Antimitotic agents, Antineoplastic agents, Apoptosis, Biomarkers, Cancer, Cancer therapies, Cell death, Cell growth, Chemotherapy, Comparative analysis, Cytotoxicity, Drug resistance, Enzyme inhibitors, Epidermal growth factor, Epidermal growth factor receptors, FDA approval, Gene amplification, Genetic aspects, Health aspects, immune checkpoint inhibitor, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Immune system, Immunotherapy, Kinases, Ligands, Lung cancer, Lung cancer, Non-small cell, Lymphocytes, Lymphoma, Lymphomas, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Metastasis, Microenvironments, Mutation, non-small cell lung cancer, Non-small cell lung carcinoma, Oncogenes, Patients, PD-1 protein, PD-L1 protein, Pharmacogenetics, Phenotypes, Precision medicine, Protein-tyrosine kinase, Proteins, Respiratory agents, Review, Sarcoma, Small cell lung carcinoma, targeted therapy, Toxicity, tumor immune microenvironment, Tumors, Tyrosine, Vascular endothelial growth factor