Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Bai, Rilan
• Chen, Naifei
• Li, Lingyu
• Du, Nawen
• Bai, Ling
• Lv, Zheng
• Tian, Huimin
• Cui, Jiuwei

Titel

Mechanisms of Cancer Resistance to Immunotherapy

Ist Teil von

• Frontiers in oncology, 2020-08, Vol.10, p.1290-1290

Ort / Verlag

Switzerland: Frontiers Research Foundation

Erscheinungsjahr

2020

Quelle

Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Over the last decade, based on the extensive development of preclinical animal studies and clinical trials, the efficacy, and mechanisms of immunotherapy have been fully explored. Significant and lasting clinical responses with immunotherapy provide a new breakthrough treatment for a variety of refractory cancer histologies, which gradually change the treatment pattern of tumors. However, although immune checkpoint inhibitor drugs are promising for achieving longer-term efficacy, their benefits in the overall population are still very low, such as low frequency of response in some common tumor types such as breast and prostate, and heterogeneity in the degree of response among different tumor lesions in the same patient, making immunotherapy with many limitations and challenges. Most patients do not respond to immunotherapy or inevitably develop resistance to treatment after a period of treatment, manifesting with primary resistance or acquired resistance who initially respond to treatment. The mechanisms of tumor immune resistance are very complex and involve multiple aspects such as genes, metabolism, inflammation, and abnormal neovascularization. Currently, many mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance have been characterized, and more continue to be uncovered. These efforts can improve the quality of medical care for cancer diagnosis and treatment, which improve the quality of life of patients, and finally lead to accurate individualized treatment. This review discusses mechanisms of cancer immunotherapy resistance including tumor-intrinsic factors and tumor-extrinsic factors.