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Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal three new species of Fusarium (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) associated with leaf blight on Cunninghamia lanceolata in China
Chinese fir (
Cunninghamia lanceolata
) is a special fast-growing commercial tree species in China with high economic value. In recent years, leaf blight disease on
C. lanceolata
has been observed frequently. The diversity of
Fusarium
species associated with leaf blight on
C. lanceolata
in China (Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, and Hunan provinces) was evaluated using morphological study and molecular multi-locus analyses based on RNA polymerase second largest subunit (
RPB2
), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (
TEF-1α
), and RNA polymerase largest subunit (
RPB1
) genes/region as well as the pairwise homoplasy index tests. A total of five
Fusarium
species belonging to four
Fusarium
species complexes were recognized in this study. Two known species including
Fusarium concentricum
and
F. fujikuroi
belonged to the
F. fujikuroi
species complex, and three new
Fusarium
species were described, i.e.,
F. fujianense
belonged to the
F. lateritium
species complex,
F. guizhouense
belonged to the
F. sambucinum
species complex, and
F. hunanense
belonged to the
F. solani
species complex. To prove Koch’s postulates, pathogenicity tests on
C. lanceolata
revealed a wide variation in pathogenicity and aggressiveness among the species, of which
F. hunanense
HN33-8-2 caused the most severe symptoms and
F. fujianense
LC14 led to the least severe symptoms. To our knowledge, this study also represented the first report of
F. concentricum
,
F. fujianense
,
F. fujikuroi
,
F. guizhouense
, and
F. hunanense
causing leaf blight on
C. lanceolata
in China.