Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Petrolli, Rémi
• Selosse, Marc‐André
• Bonillo, Céline
• Griveau, Chantal
• Lalanne‐Tisné, Guillaume
• Comes, Bertrand
• Kodja, Hippolyte
• Martos, Florent

Titel

Mycorrhizal communities of Vanilla planifolia in an introduction area (La Réunion) under varying cultivation practices

Ist Teil von

• Plants, people, planet, 2024-05, Vol.6 (3), p.683-696

Ort / Verlag

Lancaster: John Wiley & Sons, Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2024

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Societal Impact Statement Vanilla is one of the most valuable spices in the world. In Madagascar and La Réunion, the world's leading producers, vanilla is of great economic and cultural importance. Like all orchids, vanilla plants associate with mycorrhizal fungi in their roots forming mutualistic associations that allow them to grow and thrive. Understanding the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi adapted to vanilla cultivation, particularly in the Indian Ocean islands where they have never previously been studied, is becoming a necessity for maintaining vanilla crops in these regions in the face of climate change and the emergence of new pathogens. Summary The vanilla orchid (Vanilla spp.) is one of the most valuable cultivated plants worldwide. As with all orchids, vanillas form mycorrhizal associations with fungi in their roots, but their fungal partners have not been investigated outside their native geographic range in Central America. We investigated the whole fungal and mycorrhizal associations in cultivated vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) by sequencing the fungal ITS‐2 marker in the terrestrial and aerial roots using a metabarcoding approach. We selected plants cultivated in three conditions (i.e., cultivation under shade house, in openfield, or in the understory) in one locality of La Réunion island (Indian Ocean) and tested for a possible effect of cultivation practices on fungal communities. Cultivated vanillas in La Réunion mainly associate with Tulasnellaceae (75 OTUs) and Ceratobasidiaceae (8 OTUs). Among the seven most abundant Tulasnellaceae, six are similar to fungi detected in the roots of cultivated vanillas in Central America or in the roots of native orchids in La Réunion. Cultivation practices impacted both total fungal and mycorrhizal community compositions with no clear effect on fungal richness. Notably, Tulasnellaceae and Ceratobasidiaceae were scarce in aerial roots, except in the traditional cultivation in the forest understory. These results shed light on the geographical origins of mycorrhizal fungi of cultivated vanillas in La Réunion and show that they form a pool of both locally and globally distributed fungal partners. These mycorrhizal communities vary according to cultivation practices, and their potential roles in plant nutrition and resistance against pathogens await further attention. La vanille est l'une des épices les plus valorisées au monde. Elle peut représenter des enjeux économiques et culturels de grande importance, comme sur les îles de Madagascar et de La Réunion, qui forment ensemble le plus gros producteur mondial de vanille. Comme toutes les orchidées, la vanille forme au niveau de ses racines des associations mutualistes avec des champignons mycorhiziens bénéfiques à son développement et à sa survie. Comprendre la diversité de ces champignons mycorhiziens adaptés aux conditions de culture de la vanille est devenu nécessaire au maintien de ces cultures dans un contexte de changements climatiques et d'émergence de nouveaux pathogènes, en particulier dans les îles de l'Océan Indien où ils n'ont été jusqu'alors jamais été étudiés. Vanilla is one of the most valuable spices in the world. In Madagascar and La Réunion, the world's leading producers, vanilla is of great economic and cultural importance. Like all orchids, vanilla plants associate with mycorrhizal fungi in their roots forming mutualistic associations that allow them to grow and thrive. Understanding the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi adapted to vanilla cultivation, particularly in the Indian Ocean islands where they have never previously been studied, is becoming a necessity for maintaining vanilla crops in these regions in the face of climate change and the emergence of new pathogens.