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Heterologous Expression of Jatropha curcas Fatty Acyl-ACP Thioesterase A (JcFATA) and B (JcFATB) Affects Fatty Acid Accumulation and Promotes Plant Growth and Development in Arabidopsis
Ist Teil von
International journal of molecular sciences, 2022-04, Vol.23 (8), p.4209
Plant fatty acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterases terminate the process of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in plastids by hydrolyzing the acyl-ACP intermediates, and determine the chain length and levels of free fatty acids. They are of interest due to their roles in fatty acid synthesis and their potential to modify plant seed oils through biotechnology. Fatty acyl-ACP thioesterases (FAT) are divided into two families, i.e., FATA and FATB, according to their amino acid sequence and substrate specificity. The high oil content in
L. seed has attracted global attention due to its potential for the production of biodiesel. However, the detailed effects of
and
on fatty acid biosynthesis and plant growth and development are still unclear. In this study, we found that
transcripts were detected in all tissues and organs examined, with especially high accumulation in the roots, leaves, flowers, and some stages of developing seeds, and
showed a very similar expression pattern. Subcellular localization of the JcFATA-GFP and JcFATB-GFP fusion protein in
leaf protoplasts showed that both JcFATA and JcFATB localized in chloroplasts. Heterologous expression of
and
in
individually generated transgenic plants with longer roots, stems and siliques, larger rosette leaves, and bigger seeds compared with those of the wild type, indicating the overall promotion effects of
and
on plant growth and development while
had a larger impact. Compositional analysis of seed oil revealed that all fatty acids except 22:0 were significantly increased in the mature seeds of
-transgenic
lines, especially unsaturated fatty acids, such as the predominant fatty acids of seed oil, 18:1, 18:2, and 18:3. In the mature seeds of the
-transgenic
lines, most fatty acids were increased compared with those in wild type too, especially saturated fatty acids, such as 16:0, 18:0, 20:0, and 22:0. Our results demonstrated the promotion effect of
and
on plant growth and development, and their possible utilization to modify the seed oil composition and content in higher plants.