Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Brito, Ramayana Morais de Medeiros
• de Lima Bessa, Gabriella
• Bastilho, Alexandre Lazoski
• Dantas-Torres, Filipe
• de Andrade-Neto, Valter Ferreira
• Bueno, Lilian Lacerda
• Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio
• Magalhães, Luisa M D

Titel

Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in South America: occurrence, immunity, and fate of infection

Ist Teil von

• Parasites & vectors, 2023-12, Vol.16 (1), p.461-461, Article 461

Ort / Verlag

England: BioMed Central Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2023

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

SpringerLink (Online service)

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite with a worldwide distribution. Toxoplasma gondii infections are of great concern for public health, and their impact is usually most severe in pregnant women and their foetuses, and in immunocompromised individuals. Displaying considerable genetic diversity, T. gondii strains differ widely according to geographical location, with archetypal strains predominantly found in the Northern Hemisphere and non-archetypal (atypical) strains, with highly diverse genotypes, found mainly in South America. In this review, we present an overview of the identification and distribution of non-archetypal strains of T. gondii. Special attention is paid to the strains that have been isolated in Brazil, their interaction with the host immunological response, and their impact on disease outcomes. The genetic differences among the strains are pivotal to the distinct immunological responses that they elicit. These differences arise from polymorphisms of key proteins released by the parasite, which represent important virulence factors. Infection with divergent non-archetypal strains can lead to unusual manifestations of the disease, even in immunocompetent individuals.