Breast cancer research : BCR, 2020-10, Vol.22 (1), p.113-14, Article 113
2020
Details
- Autor(en) / Beteiligte
- Titel
- Differential kynurenine pathway metabolism in highly metastatic aggressive breast cancer subtypes: beyond IDO1-induced immunosuppression
- Ist Teil von
- Breast cancer research : BCR, 2020-10, Vol.22 (1), p.113-14, Article 113
- Ort / Verlag
- England: BioMed Central Ltd
- Erscheinungsjahr
- 2020
- Link zum Volltext
- Quelle
- Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ）
- Beschreibungen/Notizen
- Immunotherapy has recently been proposed as a promising treatment to stop breast cancer (BrCa) progression and metastasis. However, there has been limited success in the treatment of BrCa with immune checkpoint inhibitors. This implies that BrCa tumors have other mechanisms to escape immune surveillance. While the kynurenine pathway (KP) is known to be a key player mediating tumor immune evasion and while there are several studies on the roles of the KP in cancer, little is known about KP involvement in BrCa. To understand how KP is regulated in BrCa, we examined the KP profile in BrCa cell lines and clinical samples (n = 1997) that represent major subtypes of BrCa (luminal, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative (TN)). We carried out qPCR, western blot/immunohistochemistry, and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography on these samples to quantify the KP enzyme gene, protein, and activity, respectively. We revealed that the KP is highly dysregulated in the HER2-enriched and TN BrCa subtype. Gene, protein expression, and KP metabolomic profiling have shown that the downstream KP enzymes KMO and KYNU are highly upregulated in the HER2-enriched and TN BrCa subtypes, leading to increased production of the potent immunosuppressive metabolites anthranilic acid (AA) and 3-hydroxylanthranilic acid (3HAA). Our findings suggest that KMO and KYNU inhibitors may represent new promising therapeutic targets for BrCa. We also showed that KP metabolite profiling can be used as an accurate biomarker for BrCa subtyping, as we successfully discriminated TN BrCa from other BrCa subtypes.
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Identifikatoren
- ISSN: 1465-542X, 1465-5411eISSN: 1465-542XDOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01351-1Titel-ID: cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_2339ab5edf5e4945b152f4b86d3c26f6
- Format
- –
- Schlagworte
- Adult, Aged, Anthranilic acid, Biobanks, Biomarker, Biomarkers, Tumor - blood, Breast cancer, Breast Neoplasms - classification, Breast Neoplasms - immunology, Breast Neoplasms - metabolism, Breast Neoplasms - pathology, Cancer treatment, Care and treatment, Case-Control Studies, Cell Line, Tumor, Cloning, Cohort Studies, Consortia, Databases, Genetic, Development and progression, Enzymes, ErbB-2 protein, Female, Gene expression, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Health aspects, High performance liquid chromatography, Humans, Hydrolases - metabolism, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Immune evasion, Immunohistochemistry, Immunosuppression, Immunosurveillance, Immunotherapy, Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase - metabolism, Kynurenine - metabolism, Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase - metabolism, Kynurenine pathway, Liquid chromatography, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Metabolites, Metabolomics, Metastases, Metastasis, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasm Staging, Patients, Physiological aspects, Proteins, Tryptophan, Tumor Escape, Tumors