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Role of the COX2-PGE 2 axis in S. pneumoniae -induced exacerbation of experimental fibrosis
Ist Teil von
American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology, 2021-03, Vol.320 (3), p.L377-L392
Ort / Verlag
United States
Erscheinungsjahr
2021
Quelle
Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ)
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with high morbidity and mortality. Patients with ILD frequently develop an acute exacerbation of their disease, which may be triggered by viral and/or bacterial infections. Prostaglandin E
(PGE
) is an eicosanoid released in a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)-dependent manner and is considered to contribute to regulation of lung fibrosis. However, its role in infection-induced exacerbation of lung fibrosis is poorly defined. We found significantly increased levels of PGE
in lung tissue of patients with ILD. Increased levels of PGE
were also found in lung tissue of mice with AdTGF-β1-induced lung fibrosis and even more so in
exacerbated lung fibrosis. Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT II cells) and alveolar macrophages (AM) contributed to PGE
release during exacerbating fibrosis. Application of parecoxib to inhibit PGE
synthesis ameliorated lung fibrosis, whereas intratracheal application of PGE
worsened lung fibrosis in mice. Both interventions had no effect on
-exacerbated lung fibrosis. Together, we found that the COX2-PGE
axis has dual roles in fibrosis that may offset each other: PGE
helps resolve infection/attenuate inflammation in fibrosis exacerbation but accentuates TGF-β/AT II cell-mediated fibrosis. These data support the efficacy of COX/PGE
interventions in the setting of non-exacerbating lung fibrosis.