Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Kim, Chu-Young
• Quarsten, Hanne
• Bergseng, Elin
• Khosla, Chaitan
• Sollid, Ludvig M.
• Strominger, Jack L.

Titel

Structural Basis for HLA-DQ2-Mediated Presentation of Gluten Epitopes in Celiac Disease

Ist Teil von

• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2004-03, Vol.101 (12), p.4175-4179

Ort / Verlag

United States: National Academy of Sciences

Erscheinungsjahr

2004

Quelle

Electronic Journals Library

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Celiac disease, also known as celiac sprue, is a gluten-induced autoimmune-like disorder of the small intestine, which is strongly associated with HLA-DQ2. The structure of DQ2 complexed with an immunogenic epitope from gluten, QLQPFPQPELPY, has been determined to 2.2-Å resolution by x-ray crystallography. The glutamate at P6, which is formed by tissue transglutaminase-catalyzed deamidation, is an important anchor residue as it participates in an extensive hydrogen-bonding network involving Lys-β71 of DQ2. The gluten peptide-DQ2 complex retains critical hydrogen bonds between the MHC and the peptide backbone despite the presence of many proline residues in the peptide that are unable to participate in amide-mediated hydrogen bonds. Positioning of proline residues such that they do not interfere with backbone hydrogen bonding results in a reduction in the number of registers available for gluten peptides to bind to MHC class II molecules and presumably impairs the likelihood of establishing favorable side-chain interactions. The HLA association in celiac disease can be explained by a superior ability of DQ2 to bind the biased repertoire of proline-rich gluten peptides that have survived gastrointestinal digestion and that have been deamidated by tissue transglutaminase. Finally, surface-exposed proline residues in the proteolytically resistant ligand were replaced with functionalized analogs, thereby providing a starting point for the design of orally active agents for blocking gluten-induced toxicity.