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Remove or redistribute: re-examining the pollution haven hypothesis from ambient regions
Ist Teil von
Environment and development economics, 2023-02, Vol.28 (1), p.47-67
Ort / Verlag
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Erscheinungsjahr
2023
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
PAIS Index
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Abstract This paper re-examines the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) by taking environmental regulation in ambient regions as a critical determinant concurrent with own regulation. Exploiting the Two Control Zones policy in China as a quasi-natural experiment, we find that both the curbing effect of the local environmental regulation and the spillover effect of ambient regions affect high-polluting foreign direct investment (FDI) location. Moreover, reallocated FDI results in redistributing instead of reducing pollutant emissions. Our evidence enriched by spatial spillover primarily supports the PHH in the context of China. It suggests a national-wide coordinated environmental policy with a unified goal performs better than separately implementing stringent regulations in highly polluted areas.