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•Superior volumetric capacitance and cycling stability of graphene is obtained by fluorine atom doping.•FG slice can be directly used as an electrode material for supercapacitors.•The improvement in electrochemical performance is attributed to the presence of covalent C-F bonds and semi-ionic C-F bonds.
A facile method has been developed to enhance the electrochemical characteristics of graphene by synthesizing fluorine-doped graphene (FG) slice via a hydrothermal reaction involving graphene oxide and hydrofluoric acid. The resultant FG slice demonstrates enhanced volumetric capacitance and robust cycling durability. The advancements in electrochemical behavior are owing to the integration of covalent C-F and semi-ionic C-F bonds aligned perpendicularly to the graphene planes. This FG slice is suitable for a range of practical applications, including use in sensors, as catalysts, and within the realm of nanomaterial-based electronics.