Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Viljoen, Samantha J.
• Brailsford, Francesca L.
• Murphy, Daniel V.
• Hoyle, Frances C.
• Chadwick, David R.
• Jones, Davey L.

Titel

Leaching of phthalate acid esters from plastic mulch films and their degradation in response to UV irradiation and contrasting soil conditions

Ist Teil von

• Journal of hazardous materials, 2023-02, Vol.443 (Pt B), p.130256, Article 130256

Ort / Verlag

Netherlands: Elsevier B.V

Erscheinungsjahr

2023

Quelle

ScienceDirect

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are commonly used plastic additives, not chemically bound to the plastic that migrate into surrounding environments, posing a threat to environmental and human health. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are two common PAEs found in agricultural soils, where degradation is attributed to microbial decomposition. Yet the impact of the plastic matrix on PAE degradation rates is poorly understood. Using 14C-labelled DBP and DEHP we show that migration from the plastic matrix into soil represents a key rate limiting step in their bioavailability and subsequent degradation. Incorporating PAEs into plastic film decreased their degradation in soil, DBP (DEHP) from 79% to 21% (9% to <1%), over four months when compared to direct application of PAEs. Mimicking surface soil conditions, we demonstrated that exposure to ultraviolet radiation accelerated PAE mineralisation twofold. Turnover of PAE was promoted by the addition of biosolids, while the presence of plants and other organic residues failed to promote degradation. We conclude that PAEs persist in soil for longer than previously thought due to physical trapping within the plastic matrix, suggesting PAEs released from plastics over very long time periods lead to increasing levels of contamination. [Display omitted] •Method developed to study in-situ breakdown of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in soil.•DBP migrated from the PVC plastic matrix and degraded much faster than DEHP.•Migration of DBP and DEHP from plastic is a key rate limiting step in degradation.•PAE degradation was accelerated by UV exposure and addition of some biosolids.•PAEs can persists in soil for longer than previously thought.