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Children, aged 6 to 12 years, with fall-pollenosis symptoms, were evaluated for their response to a new antihistamine, terfenadine, in a multicenter (six centers) I-week, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. All had positive skin tests to grass/weed pollens and/or mold spores prevalent in the fall at each center. Patients were administered placebo or terfenadine as suspension on a randomized basis, with children weighing <30 kg receiving terfenadine suspension, 30 mg twice daily, and those weighing >30 kg receiving 60 mg, twice daily. Of the 119 children enrolled. 79 received terfenadine and 40 received placebo. All but two (lost to follow-up) were included for the evaluation of drug safety, whereas 16 were excluded from the efficacy evaluation (11 receiving terfenadine and five receiving placebo) because of protocol noncompliance. Overall, varying degrees of control of symptoms were observed in 85% of the patients in the group taking terfenadine as compared to 60% in the group taking placebo. The symptoms of rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and sneezing demonstrated the best response. There was no difference between the two groups in adverse events or side effects. Before and after treatment complete blood count, biochemical profile, and urinalysis revealed that there was no change from beginning to end and no difference between the groups. We conclude that terfenadine suspension is a safe, nonsedating antihistamine with an incidence of side effects no different from that of placebo. It is more effective than placebo in controlling symptoms of fall pollenosis in children.