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This article presents self-rated health (SRH) as a right subjective measure of population health. This measure is extensively used as an indicator in social studies for evaluation of health condition and health inequality. The Author reviewed studies of the last 20 years and stated that the used tool is proper measure of the health evaluation as well as good mortality predictor. The influence of some determinants resulted from SRH for people aged 25 and more in Poland, using data from Health Survey of 1996 and 2004, was analyzed in the article. Three groups of factors were examined: socio-economic conditions, family situation and individuals' life style. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the impact of analyzed factors on the negative assessment of health state. Additionally, a population attributable risk indicator was calculated to assess a relative contribution of the analyzed factors to the improvement of the population health condition.